Levulinic Acid CAS#123-76-2
Excellent Solubility Profile: Easily soluble in water and various organic solvents, allowing flexible formulation and processing in multiple applications.
Good Chemical Stability Under Normal Distillation: Remains stable under normal pressure distillation conditions, ensuring reliable handling and processing.
Controlled Reactivity at Elevated Temperatures: Can undergo dehydration to form unsaturated γ-lactone when heated for extended periods, enabling further chemical transformation and derivative production.
Selective Insolubility: Insoluble in non-polar solvents such as gasoline, kerosene, turpentine, and carbon tetrachloride, supporting selective application in specific solvent systems.
Product Description of Levulinic Acid (CAS#123-76-2)
Levulinic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula C₅H₈O₃. It is readily soluble in water and various organic solvents, while being insoluble in gasoline, kerosene, turpentine, and carbon tetrachloride.
The compound remains largely stable during distillation under normal pressure. However, prolonged heating can lead to dehydration, resulting in the formation of unsaturated γ-lactone.
Levulinic acid Chemical Propertie
| Melting point | 30-33 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 245-246 °C (lit.) |
| Density | 1.134 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Vapor pressure | 1 mm Hg ( 102 °C) |
| Refractive index | n20/D 1.439(lit.) |
| FEMA | 2627 | LEVULINIC ACID |
| Fp | 280 °F |
| Storage temp | Store below +30°C. |
| Solubility | 675g/l |
| Form | Liquid After Melting |
| Pka | pKa 4.65(H2O,t = 25,c=0.03-0.001) (Uncertain) |
| Color | Clear yellow |
| Odor | at 100.00 %. sweet caramel acidic acetoin buttery |
| Odor Type | caramellic |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water ( 675g/L at 20°C). |
| Sensitive | Light Sensitive |
| Merck | 145472 |
| JECFA Number | 606 |
| BRN | 506796 |
| InChIKey | JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | -0.498 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 123-76-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-(123-76-2) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Levulinic acid (123-76-2) |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | Xn,C |
| Risk Statements | 22-36/37/38-34-R34-R22 |
| Safety Statements | 26-45-36/37/39-S45-S36/37/39-S26 |
| RIDADR | 3261 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | OI1575000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HazardClass | 8 |
| PackingGroup | III |
| HS Code | 29183000 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1850 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 5000 mg/kg |
Product Application of Levulinic Acid (CAS#123-76-2)
Levulinic acid offers a broad range of applications due to its dual functionality as both a carboxylic acid and a ketone. It can undergo reactions such as esterification, halogenation, hydrogenation, oxidative dehydrogenation, and condensation to produce a variety of derivatives. These derivatives are widely used in the manufacture of resins, pharmaceuticals, fragrances, solvents, coatings, inks, rubber and plastic additives, lubricant additives, and surfactants.
In the pharmaceutical field, its calcium salt (calcium fructoborate) is used in intravenous formulations. As a nutritional agent, it supports bone formation and helps maintain normal nerve and muscle function. Levulinic acid is also utilized in the production of indomethacin and plant growth regulators.
Additionally, bisphenolic acid derived from levulinic acid can be used to produce water-soluble resins for the paper industry, particularly in the manufacture of filter paper. Levulinic acid also serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of pesticides and dyes.
